Japanese Particle Master
Master Japanese particles through interactive study, exercises, and comparisons
Marks the topic of the sentence - what the sentence is about.
Marks the grammatical subject of the sentence, often for new information.
Marks the direct object of a transitive verb.
Versatile particle indicating direction, time, purpose, and more.
Marks the location where an action takes place or the means by which something i...
Marks the direction of movement, similar to に but more general.
Shows possession, attribution, or turns phrases into noun-like structures.
Connects nouns completely, shows accompaniment, or marks quotations.
Lists items as examples, implying there are other unlisted items.
Marks questions, choices, or uncertainty.
Marks the starting point, source, or reason for something.
Marks the endpoint in time, space, or extent.
Shows addition, emphasis, or creates negative meanings with question words.
Shows contrast, gives examples, or suggests alternatives.
Used for comparisons meaning 'than', or as a formal version of から.
Casual way to list examples or show uncertainty, similar to や but more informal.
Formal particle indicating choice, immediacy, or manner. Often archaic or litera...
Lists multiple reasons or adds information, often to strengthen an argument.
Lists examples of actions, often implying there are other activities too.
Lists things in a critical or complaining manner, showing annoyance or exasperat...
Shows uncertainty, confusion, or the extent of something unclear.
Indicates limitation, restriction, or the extent of something.
Expresses 'only' with a sense of insufficiency, always used with negative verbs.
Formal version of だけ, used in written or very formal contexts.
Indicates doing only one thing, recent completion, or approximate amount.
Shows contrast or opposition, softer than が. Often used to soften statements.
Formal version of けれど, used in polite or written contexts.
Shows contrast with a sense of frustration or unexpectedness.
Shows conditions, topics, or situations. Often indicates speaker's assumption.
Versatile conditional form, often for completed actions or unexpected results.
Choose a particle from the list to see detailed explanations, examples, and usage tips.